1947

This page is for year 1947 of the Gregorian calendar .

Events

• February 23 : Creation of the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) in Geneva , Switzerland.
• April 4 : Creation of the ICAO (Aviation Organization International Civil), with headquarters based in Montreal , in Quebec.
• October 30 : Creation of the GATT : General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade focused on the clause of the Most Favoured Nation (entered into force on ¹ January 1948 ).

Africa

Monument commemorating the events of March 29 in Madagascar

• February 10 : The Italian waives its rights in Libya.
• Night of 29 - March 30 : An insurgent uprising triggered by nationalist activists broke out in Madagascar against the French colonial regime. One hundred and fifty French settlers were killed. The government Ramadier responds with a military crackdown that left tens of thousands dead. Lifting the parliamentary immunity of deputies Malagasy members of the Democratic Movement for Malagasy Renovation (MDRM), which is dissolved.
• April 8 . The France installs a secret base for rocket testing near Hammaguir ( Algeria ).
• September 27 : Adoption of the Statute of Algeria who is now a group of three departments receiving the personality and financial autonomy. The general government is maintained. The Algerian Assembly with limited powers, will be elected by two separate colleges (French civil status of citizens and assimilated Muslims on the one hand, Algerians have retained their personal status of the other).
• September 4 : The French Sudan is fixed permanently to its current borders, with the reconstitution of the former colony of Upper Volta.
• October 11 : railway strike Malian and Senegalese railway of the Dakar-Niger.
• December 10 : Kwame Nkrumah , invited to take charge of the United Gold Coast Convention , returns home after twelve years of absence.
• December 13 : The Tanganyika is under the supervision of United Nations .

• Strike Gold Coast , in Kenya and Tanganyika.
• Refusal of a new Constitution by the minority Creole Sierra Leone .
• Mission in London of Nigerian Nnamdi Azikiwe , founder of the National Council of Nigeria & the Cameroons (NCNC). He joined the Federalist program of the National Secretariat West Africa.
• AOF : Year Plan for the Modernization and Equipment. Creating the FIDES (Fonds investment and economic and social development of the overseas territories).
• Algeria : Secondary education in Arabic is taught at the Institute of Babis Ben Constantine. To pursue higher education in Arabic, young Algerians are going to the universities of Tunis , of Cairo , in Damascus and Kuwait , taken around 1950 as the most modern.

America

• February : Leonardo Arguello was elected president in Nicaragua (start of term on ¹ May. Somoza retains the title of director Jefe de la Guardia, the regime's police. Arguello When demand the resignation of Somoza, he was immediately replaced by a cousin Somoza, Benjamn Lacayo ( May 27 ) followed by Vctor Romn Reyes ( August 15 ).
• February 24 , Argentina : Declaration of the Rights of the worker. It does not include the right to strike.
• July 9 : Declaration of Independence economic Argentina.
• August 2 : Luis Batlle Berres was elected president in Uruguay.
• August 15 : American Conference for the maintenance of peace and collective security in Rio de Janeiro (end Sept. 2 ).
• August 23 : In Ecuador, the populist leader Velasco Ibarra was overthrown in a coup that brought to power Carlos Mancheno Cajas.
• September 2 : Rio Pact signed by all the American countries except Canada , of Ecuador and Nicaragua will allow developing countries to facilitate mutual assistance and the domination of the United States on the continent during the war Cold.

• Unrest in Chile. President Videla declared a state of siege and defeated his Communist ministers in April. The Communist Party obtained 18% of the vote in municipal elections.
• The Communist Party is outlawed in Brazil.
• Inauguration of the great steelworks Volta Redonda in Brazil. It allows the country to develop a national car industry.

United States

• January : After an unsuccessful conciliation mission of General Marshall , administration Truman waives save the Republic of China against itself and ceases to help the Kuomintang in its fight against the Chinese Communist Party.
• February 22 : Harry Truman Loyalty Program: Early investigations of Communist infiltration in the U.S. administration.
• March 12 : Truman Doctrine aimed at stemming the spread of communism in Europe (container policy). President Truman asked Congress to grant an economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey as a substitute for Great Britain. Other states are expected to benefit.
• March 22 : Program for "loyalty and security" for others to move away from liberal voices of the radicals.
• April 10 : Ronald Reagan , president of the Screen Actors Guild agrees to denounce the FBI any communist activity within the organization.
• May 7 : Announcement of the construction of the first " Levittown "(quoted suburban).
• May 25 : Vote on the National Security Act that reorganized the Army, Navy and Air Force, and establishes a National Security Council with an agency to coordinate intelligence activities, the CIA ( Central Intelligence Agency ).
• June 4 : An Act of strike-breaking Taft-Hartley was passed by Congress despite a veto Truman.
• June 19 : The gangster Bugsy Siegel was murdered in the home of his girlfriend, actress Virginia Hill.
• June 24 : The businessman Kenneth Arnold , a private pilot from Boise, Idaho, observed nine objects flying near Mount Rainier in Washington while on a reconnaissance flight on board the aircraft. It fails to identify them and thereby launching the modern era of flying saucers. This is considered the first major sighting of UFOs.
• July 5 : Larry Doby became the first black player to take part in a game of the American League of baseball.
• July 8 : Date of the famous Roswell incident. An unidentified flying object allegedly crashed in New Mexico.
• July 26 : Creation of the CIA.
• September : Start of examinations on Un-American Activities by HUAC (end April 1948 ). Convening Hollywood Ten.
• September 24 : Creation of the group assumed Majestic 12par a secret decree of President Harry S Truman.
• October 14 : Charles Yeager crossed the sound barrier for the first time.
• November 25 : establishment of a blacklist of Hollywood.

• Strikes.
• 4.3% growth rate in annual average 1947-1952.

Oceania and Pacific

• February 6 : Foundation of the South Pacific Commission.
• March : The Government of Australia launched a vast program of planned immigration, he advocates the arrival of ten immigrants of Anglo-Celtic for each immigrant "foreigner". The few candidates from the British Isles will require it to revise downward its claims and to accept the arrival of hundreds of thousands of migrants from the Netherlands , to Germany and France , then to Italy from Yugoslavia of Greece and many other Mediterranean countries. In the mid-sixties, the doors open to the countries of Southeast Asia and the Middle East.

• The Australian has 7.4 million inhabitants, more than 70% are from Great Britain and Ireland. Six million migrants settled in Australia since 1946.

Asia

May 3 : Entry into force of the Constitution of Japan

August 15 : Partition of India

Oct. 7 - Dec. 22 : Lea operation in the Indochina War.

• January 25 , Nepal : Founding of the Party of Nepali Congress (NPC). After independence of India, the government of hereditary Rana is the subject of a growing challenge. King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram , favor a more democratic regime, endorsed the establishment of the party.
• January 27 , Burma : Agreement with the United Kingdom for independence.

• February ¹ : In Japan , a general strike planned by several organizations is prohibited by General MacArthur.
• February 12 , Burma : The Panglong Agreement paves the way for independence and the establishment of a unified Burmese state.

• March 19 , China : The Nationalist troops took over the Communist capital, Yenan.
• March 23 - April 2 : Asian Relations Conference in New Delhi , which stipulates the principles of "Afro-Asian": non-alignment, the fight against imperialism, support to national liberation movements, looking for economic renewal.
• March 24 : Lord Mountbatten became Viceroy of India.
  • Mountbatten was sent to India to negotiate independence with Gandhi , Nehru and Jinnah. These negotiations lead to the partition of India and Pakistan , while clashes are becoming endemic in Punjab. In exchange for the creation of a separate Muslim state, Mountbatten must accept the claim of Congress to divide Punjab and Bengal. The powers are transferred to the Congress Party and Muslim League. The other parties are Hindus ignored.
• March 31 , Japan : Basic Law on Education, holding a university degree in America. Systematic decentralization.

• April 9 : Departure of U.S. troops who supported the Chinese Nationalists.
• 25 April , Vietnam : Ho Chi Minh called for negotiations with France. During the summer, he sought a compromise and reshuffles his government by eliminating the extremists (only three communists in the government).
• April , Burma : The AFPFL of Aung San won the elections, 196 of the 202 seats in the Constitutional Assembly.
• May 4 : Count Soeria Kartalegawa former Bupati of Garut , proclaims the State of Pasundan.
• May 11 : The Laos became a constitutional monarchy.
• May 23 : Soeria occupies the offices of the Republican administration in Bogor , with the support of Colonel Thomson in the Dutch army and resident Statius Muller .

• May 29 : The Constituent Assembly Indian suppresses untouchability.

• June 16 : Independence of Burma , unrelated to the Commonwealth (the official 4 January 1948 ).

• June 20 : Prime Minister Indonesian Sjahrir resigned and was replaced by Amir Sjarifuddin on July 3. Many incidents occur between Dutch and Indonesian troops. Negotiations for the settlement of economic issues and the implementation of the agreement Linggarjati dragging.
• June - July : With the independence of India and Pakistan, Afghanistan is calling for a referendum on self-determination in the Frontier Province du Nord-Ouest , populated mostly Pashtuns. Tensions between the two countries persist for several years. Sporadic clashes between the Pakistani armed forces and Pashtun tribesmen who had created with the approval of the Afghan government, an independence movement decided to establish a state under the name of Pashtunistan or Pathanistan.

• July 19 , Burma : U Saw , a nationalist political rival, Prime Minister murdered Aung San with six members of the Executive Board. That same day, the order of the communist insurgency army arrives in Moscow and Beijing via Calcutta. U Nu , former student leader, called to lead the AFPFL and government succeeds Aung San ( 4 January 1948 ). It stabilizes the situation ( 1949 - 1958 ).
• July 21 : Alleging violations of accreditation Linggarjati, the Dutch launched an attack against the Indonesian Republic ("police operations") and extend their control over two thirds of Java, large plantations and the oil fields of Sumatra.

• August ¹ , Indonesia: Protests to UN lead to the formation of a commission of good offices of the UN, who presided over the signing of the Renville agreements between both parties ( 17 January 1948 ).
• 14 - August 15 , midnight: India Independence Act providing for the partition of India. The India and Pakistan are declared independent dominion within the Commonwealth. A few days later, the massacres began in Punjab between Muslims causing mass exodus.
  • The question of the 554 princely states is easily solved with three exceptions: Junagadh , the Hyderabad and Kashmir. Junagadh in Gujarat , is a small state that has a Muslim ruler and a population of 700,000 inhabitants with a Hindu majority. A popular uprising allows India to integrate it into its territory on 10 February 1948.
  • The Nizam , Hyderabad Muslim ruler who reigns over 17 million people in Hindu majority, refused to join India. The Indian government conducted a pretext Muslim militia that has terrorized the population to launch a military operation that ended with the surrender of Hyderabad on 17 September 1948.
  • The Maharaja of Kashmir signed a standstill agreement in August. Before the invasion of tribes Pathan from Pakistan on August 22 , he opted for India on October 26. The intervention of Indian troops against the Pathan degenerates into war against Pakistan (1947-1949). India loses Gilgit , de facto pegged to Pakistan.
  • The score is based on a majority percentage of Muslim or Hindu by regions. 10.5 to 14 million people are displaced, 500,000 were massacred or died in the camps.

• Oct. 7 - Dec. 22 : Lea operation. French offensive against the Viet Minh in Indochina War.
• October 8 : The Japanese Diet passed the new Constitution. The universal suffrage is extended to both sexes.
• October 9 : A military junta led by Phibun takes control of the government in Thailand and remains in power, except for a brief interlude at the beginning of 1948 until 1957. Under his dictatorship, Thailand maintains close relations with the United States and the United Kingdom.
• October 28 : Chiang Kai-shek became head of military operations against the Communist offensive in Jiangxi.

• Nov. 2 : Start of conflict between India and Pakistan about Kashmir. First Indo-Pakistan war (ending in January 1949 ).

• December , Vietnam : The French government chooses to negotiate with the Emperor of Annam , Bo Djaya.

• The Tibetan government sent a trade mission in the West. The United States and Great Britain recognize the independence of Tibet.
• The Indian Communist Party led a guerrilla war in Telengana , the eastern part of the State of Hyderabad. Hundreds of Soviets are created, which seize and redistribute land. They do not hesitate to perform the Muslim feudal.

Middle East

November 30 : Beginning of the Civil War of 1947-1948 in mandatory Palestine. Arab volunteers

December 2 : Attack of the commercial district of Jewish Jerusalem during the Civil War in Palestine

• January , Egypt : The government decides to forward the issue of the British withdrawal in dia.org / wiki /% C3% Conseil_de_s A9curit% C3% A9_des_Nations_unies "title =" Security Council UN "> Security Council of the UN.
• February , London Conference: Ernest Bevin proposes the freedom of Palestine against the Jewish emigration independent unit within five years.
• February 18 : In front of the opposition parties, London decides to refer the matter to the Palestinian UN.
• March 29 ^Europe
  

  

  June 5 : Marshall Plan
  

  

  The federal states of Germany in 1947
  • Severe winter weather that disrupts the production system in the United Kingdom (2.3 million people laid off in February) and the economy weakens. The deficit of the balance of payments reached 582 million.
  • Optimum summer temperatures (1947, 1949). Climax of the dismantling of glaciers in the Alps.
  • January ¹ : Establishment of the dual-zone in Germany. Entry into force of the US-British agreement on the economic merger of the two zones of occupation.
  • January 11 : Congress of the Italian Socialist Party in Rome. The party of Pietro Nenni divides. Saragat Giuseppe , pro-American socialist who opposes collaboration with the Communists, founded the Italian Social Democratic Party (40 deputies out of 116 followers).
  • January 16 : Election of Vincent Auriol, President of ^the Fourth Republic in France.
  • January 20 : Pietro Nenni who resigned from the Italian government to pursue the life of the socialist party, the Council President Alcide De Gasperi in turn has resigned and formed a new cabinet with the participation of socialists and communists on January 30.
  • February 2 , Greece : Fresh fighting between royalists and communists in Thrace , in Macedonia and Thessaly.
  • February 5 : Hanging the commander of Theresienstadt camp , held responsible for the deaths of 20,000 Jews. The previous day, several staff members from the camp of Ravensbrck were sentenced to death.
  • February 10 : Treaty of Paris. Peace treaties with the allies of Germany , the Bulgaria , the Finnish , the Hungarian , the Italy and Romania. All these countries must abandon the atomic bomb.
    • Italy was forced to land cessions ( Istria , part of Venezia Giulia , Trieste ).
    • The treaty addresses the issue of Trieste : a French territory is placed under UN control, the United States and Great Britain administer an area that includes the city of Trieste and Yugoslavia a smaller area (Area B).
    • The Romania is forced to renounce its rights on Bessarabia and Bukovina North in favor of the USSR, and the Dobrudja South, in favor of Bulgaria , but recovers Transylvania north. The payment of war reparations imposed on it.
    • The Soviet army left in Hungary.
  • February 28 : The British are asking for help to the Americans for the civil war in Greece.
  • February : Nationalization of the electricity generation in the UK.
  • March 3 : The Greek government has requested assistance from the U.S. to fight against Communist guerrillas.
  • March 4 : Dunkirk Treaty between France and Britain against any revival of German militarism.
  • March 12 : President Truman asked the U.S. Congress granting an economic and military aid to Greece and Turkey.
    • 74 000 tonnes of military equipment were sent to Greece by the United States in the last five months of the year. Two hundred and fifty military instructors commanded by General James Van Fleet lead the Greek army. Van Fleet initiates policy forced eviction of thousands of Greeks from their region of origin to the countryside to weaken and isolate the rebels.
  • March 27 : : Italy joins the IMF.
  • April 2 : Death sentence of Rudolf Hoess , former commandant of the concentration camp of Auschwitz.
  • April 10 - April 25 : Failed to Moscow for a conference of four in Germany ( George Marshall , Ernest Bevin , Vyacheslav Molotov and Bidault ), with the aim of preparing a peace treaty with Germany and Austria. France joins the position of the United States and United Kingdom ( April 24 ).
  • April 20 : Start of the reign of Frederick IX of Denmark (completed in 1972 ).
  • April : The law reaffirms the principle of succession of the monarchy in Spain.
  • May 5 : Return of the communist government ministers in France.
  • May 18 : Constitution of Rhineland-Palatinate.
  • May 28 , Germany: The Anglo-Americans created their occupation zone in an economic council elected, with some legislative powers. The foundation of a German state began to fall into place.
  • May 31 , Italy : After excluding government ministers under pressure from communist pope and the United States, Alcide De Gasperi formed a firm Christian Democratic homogeneous. Although a minority, he earned the confidence by 274 votes against 231 ( June 21 ).
  • June 5 : Announcement of the Marshall Plan , for the economic reconstruction of Europe and to fight against Communism (Harvard speech). Secretary of State George Marshall proposed a plan to Europe for economic aid and political stability developed by Kennan. This plan could in principle be applied to countries in the Soviet sphere of influence. 12.5 billion will be spent on the reconstruction of Europe from ¹ April 1948 to 30 June 1952.
  • June : Large wave of labor strikes in France.
  • July 2 : End of the Paris conference on the Marshall Plan (Begins June 27 ). The Soviets eventually reject the U.S. offer. Stalin instructs the PC to Western sabotage.
  • July 12 : Opening to Paris for an economic conference which brings together sixteen European countries to develop a recovery plan based on the Marshall Plan (ending September 22 ). A reconstruction program is developed and a European committee for economic cooperation is created.
  • July 15 - August 20 : The convertibility of the pound sterling reinstated on July 15 should be suspended on August 20.
  • July 25 : Indictment of the Einsatzgruppen trial.
  • August 22 , Italy : Minister's Budget Luigi Einaudi imposes an austerity plan. The drastic restriction of bank credit and food imports will stop the black market and the race to credit the source of inflation.
  • Sept. 16 : 850,000 steelworkers strike in Italy.
  • September 19 : End of a strike than a million agricultural workers in Italy , whose claims have been met.
  • September 22 : Adoption of the Marshall Plan by the Paris Conference.
  • October 21 : Provincial Constitution of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen.
  • October , Greece: Creating the Democratic Army of Greece (Communist) and resumption of Greek Civil War.
  • November 13 : The replacement of Hugh Dalton by Stafford Cripps to the Chancery of the Exchequer announced a return to a more orthodox policy of cost containment in the United Kingdom. The Labour left wing, which sees government policy too far right, is the "Keep Left Movement.
  • November 15 : General offensive against the Communists in Greece. A Greek-American command is created.
  • November 20 : Celebration at the Westminster Abbey in London wedding of Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom and Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten.
  • Nov. 25 - Dec. 18 : Failure of the conference "last chance" meeting in London the four powers occupying Germany and Austria to prepare peace treaties.
  • December 15 : The Saar is separated politically from Germany. Foreign policy and defense will be supported by France.
  • December 17 : British courts decide that the use of contraceptive devices can support an application for annulment of marriage.
  • December 22 , Italy : The Constituent Assembly approved the Constitution by 453 votes against 62.
  • Resuming Punishment antirepublican in Spain (1947-1948).
  • UK : Changing the conservative doctrine in 1947-1948 by the adoption of the "Charter" (industry, agriculture, the Empire) by which the party endorses the key reforms, particularly a moderate state interventionism in the name of full employment.

  Eastern Europe

  • January 19 : The "democratic bloc Polish" gets 90% of the vote in parliamentary elections in Republic of Poland. The Bloc is formed by the Socialist Party, the communist party ( Polish United Workers' Party ) and the Democratic Party of Wladyslaw Gomulka. Decided to introduce a socialist system, Gomulka would like to keep the Polish government all its freedom of action. He resists the Stalinist injunctions.
  • January - February , Hungary : Agenda of the Hungarian political police, the AVO, then AVH. She first practiced against war criminals and fascists and cons all the "internal enemies" and other "suspects" identified by the Communist Party leadership. It denounced "the conspiracy of the Hungarian community" certain leaders of the Smallholders' Party were accused of conspiracy and arrested by the Communists.
  • February 7 : The Communist Boleslaw Bierut was elected President of the Republic of Poland. He appoints the socialist Joseph Cyranliewicz Chairman.
  • February 17 : First radio broadcasts on Voice of America to the USSR.
  • April , Kingdom of Romania : Measures to control the economy, subject to inflation, black market and capital flight: a large Ministry of Economy is entrusted to Gheorghiu-Dej , creation of "industrial offices" for the distribution of products, "anti-kulak" in the countryside, giving the state pre-emption of land acquisition, cooperative development of agricultural machinery.
  • May 30 , Hungary : Imre Nagy was forced to resign. Dinnys Lajos , another member of the Smallholders' Party, succeeded him.
  • June 6 : Beginning of the elimination of the opposition People's Republic of Bulgaria. The leader of the Agrarian Party has 22 MPs are arrested and stripped of their mandate.
  • June : The Romania refused Marshall Aid and PCR offers a six-month plan to bring industrial production to 70% level in 1938.
  • July 2 : The USSR announces that it rejects the Marshall Plan.
  • July 29 , Romania : the National Peasant Party was banned and its leader, Iuliu Maniu , was sentenced to life imprisonment in October.
  • July :
    • In Czechoslovakia , Edvard Bene , who wanted to accept the Marshall Plan proposed by the Americans, was forced to renounce it under pressure from the Soviets. Inside, the decline of Communist influence increases the tension ahead of elections due in May 1948.
    • the Hungarian legislature is dissolved.
  • August ¹ : Launching a reconstruction plan for three years in Hungary.
  • August 15 : A monetary reform (1 new leu for 20,000 ROL) is adopted in Romania , diversifying ceilings exchange following social categories: bourgeois and peasants are robbed of their cash.
  • August 16 , People's Republic of Bulgaria : The Bulgarian Agrarian Party leader was sentenced to death and the party is banned at the end of the month.
  • August 31 : A new parliament is elected in Hungary , dominated by Communists (22% of the vote), allied to the Socialists. The Smallholders' Party, previously the majority, gets only 15% of the vote. Dinnys coalition government.
  • September 22 : Zhdanov Doctrine then exposed at the meeting of Szlarska-Poreba in Poland ( September 30 - October 5 ).
  • October 5 : Establishment of Cominform "Communist International" in lieu of the Comintern at the meeting Szlarska-Poreba in Poland. This is an information office to coordinate the activities of nine European communist parties.
  • November 6 : The last bourgeois ministers are eliminated from the Romanian government. Communist activist Ana Pauker replaces Ttrescu Foreign Affairs.
  • November 21 : Opposition parties are dissolved in Hungary.
  • December 30 : Abdication of King Michael I of Romania and proclamation of the Romanian People.

  France

  Main article: 1947 in France.

  Switzerland

  Article: 1947 in Switzerland.

  Thematic Chronologies

  Main articles: 1947 in science , 1947 in Railways , 1947 in aviation , 1947 in computer and 1947 in sports.

  Arts and Culture

  Main articles: 1947 in film , music, 1947 , 1947 in classical music , 1947 in literature , theater, 1947 , 1947 in Architecture , 1947 in comics , television, 1947 and 1947 (Chronology of Dada and Surrealism).
  • February 12 : first parade of Christian Dior and creation of the New Look which will mark the women's fashion following years
  • April : Opening of Paris in the hall of the Jeu de Paume , Museum of Impressionism.
  • May 22 : Creation of the Magnum , a cooperative of photographers who account for founders Henri Cartier-Bresson , Robert Capa , George Rodger and David Seymour.
  • June 9 : Opening in Paris, National Museum of Modern Art.
  • July 7 : International Exhibition of Surrealism organized in Paris by Andr Breton and Marcel Duchamp.
  • Full Fathom Five, first "drippings" of Jackson Pollock , performed works by projecting onto the canvas, paint drips .
  • The Swiss architect Le Corbusier began construction of the Radiant City of Marseille (one thousand nine hundred forty-seven - 1,952 ), a large building that includes 350 apartments spread over eight levels double, which he uses for his new system of calculating proportions.

  Births in 1947

  • January ¹ : Vladimir G. Titov , cosmonaut Russian.
  • January 6 : Andrea Ferreol , actor French.
  • January 8 :
    • David Bowie , singer, composer and actor UK.
    • Samuel Schmid , politician and Federal Councilor Swiss.
  • January 10 : The Francis Dias , French photographer.
  • January 13 : Abelardo Espejo Tramblin , Spanish international sculptor living in France.
  • January 14 : Beverly Perdue , politician American.
  • January 16 : Juliet Berto , director of theater and director of French film.
  • January 18 : Takeshi Kitano , Japanese actor and director.
  • January 19 : Leszek Balcerowicz , politician and economist Polish.
  • January 20 : Cyrille Guimard , cyclist and directeur sportif French.
  • January 21 : Michel Jonasz , singer - songwriter, singer and French actor.
  • January 23 : Megawati Sukarnoputri politician, former president of Indonesia , the daughter of Sukarno.
  • January 26 :
    • Patrick Dewaere , French actor ( July 16, 1982).
    • Michel Sardou , singer French.
  • February 2 :
    • Farrah Fawcett , actress , american ( June 25, 2009).
    • Deniz Gezmis revolutionary Turkish ( 6 May 1972 , 25 years).
  • February 3 : Melanie , singer American.
  • February 4 : William Leymergie journalist, presenter Tlmatin and television producer.
  • February 5 :
    • Mary L. Cleave , American astronaut.
    • Benot Jacquot , French director and screenwriter.
  • February 9 : Carla Del Ponte , the Swiss magistrate.
  • February 21 : Yves Boivin , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Annecy.
  • February 25 : Doug Yule , singer and musician.
  • March 10 : Kim Campbell , Canadian politician, former (nineteenth) Prime Minister of Canada.
  • March 11 : Tristan Murail , French composer of spectral music.
  • March 15 : Ry Cooder , producer American musician.
  • March 18 : Patrick Chesnais , French actor.
  • March 19 : Glenn Close , American actress.
  • March 22 : Aleida Assmann German Egyptologist, Andr Heller , artist actionist, cultural manager, author, actor and singer Austrian Peter Lescanne , specialist in theoretical computer science, Erik Orsenna , French novelist and academician, James Patterson , author and screenwriter U.S.
  • March 24 : Louise Lanctt , terrorist, Quebec novelist.
  • March 25 : Elton John , singer and songwriter UK.
  • March 29 : Alexander Viktorenko , Soviet cosmonaut.
  • March 31 : Cesar Augusto Gaviria Trujillo , President of the Republic of Colombia from 1990 to 1994.
  • April 3 : Giuseppe Penone , contemporary artist Italian.
  • April 5 : Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo , Philippine politician, president of the Philippines.
  • April 8 : Pascal Lamy , French politician, former European Commissioner , Director of the World Trade Organization.
  • April 12 : Tom Clancy , American novelist.
  • April 13 : Robert Maggiori , philosopher , publisher , translator and journalist French original Italian.
  • April 15 : Woolly Wolstenholme , British musician, founder of the BJH.
  • April 21 : Iggy Pop , American singer.
  • April 22 : Pierre-Marie Carr , French Catholic bishop, archbishop of Albi.
  • April 25 :
    • Mike Brant ( Moshe Michael Brand ), Israeli singer ( 25 April 1975 ).
    • Marylise Lebranchu , French politician, former minister.
  • April 27 : " Palomo Linares "(Sebastin Palomo Martnez), Matador Spanish.
  • May ¹ : Jacob Bekenstein , physicist Israel.
  • May 20 : Michael Santier , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Crteil.
  • May 28 : Sondra Locke , actress American.
  • May 30 : Albert Delchambre, author, composer, performer.
  • June 6 : Robert Englund , actor, aka Freddy Krueger.
  • June 16 : -minu , Swiss columnist and author.
  • June 18 : Bernard Giraudeau , French actor ( 17 July 2010 ).
  • June 19 : Salman Rushdie , author British Indian-born author of " Satanic Verses ".
  • June 21 : Shirin Ebadi , Iranian lawyer, Nobel peace in 2003.
  • June 24 : Armand Langlois , visual artist and muralist French.
  • June 26 : Jihel whose real name Jacques Lardie artist author Series Cement history.
  • July 10 :
    • Christine Caron , French swimmer, Olympic champion.
    • Arlo Guthrie , musician American.
  • July 17 : HRH The Duchess of Cornwall , second wife of HRH Charles, Prince of Wales.
  • July 19 : Brian May , guitarist of British band Queen.
  • July 20 :
    • Gerd Binnig , German physicist (Nobel Prize in Physics 1986).
    • Carlos Santana , Mexican guitarist.
  • July 22 : Albert Brooks , director, American actor and screenwriter.
  • July 24 : Robert Hays , actor and American director.
  • July 26 :
    • Jaime Semprun , French essayist and editor ( 3 August 2010 ).
    • Nicole Notat , French personality former secretary general of the CFDT and President of Vigeo.
  • July 30 : a href = "Arnold_Alois_Schwarzenegger" class = "mw-redirect" title = "Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger"> Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger, bodybuilder, actor, politician and an American businessman.
  • July 31 : Stone (Stone and Charden) (Annie Gautrat), French singer.
  • August 11 : Alois Schloder , German player ice hockey.
  • August 12 : Jiro Taniguchi , manga Japanese.
  • Aug. 15 : Sonny Carter , American astronaut ( 5 April 1991 ).
  • August 19 : Michael Weyland , cartoonist and screenwriter Belgian.
  • September 2 : Simon Casas (Bernard Dombes) matador French.
  • September 8 : Halldr sgrmsson , politician Icelandic.
  • September 11 : Damaso Gonzlez , matador Spanish.
  • September 14 :
    • Jean-Louis Papin , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Nancy.
    • Jerzy Popieluszko , clergyman Polish ( 19 October 1984 ).
  • September 20 : Patrick Poivre d'Arvor , journalist presenter TV French.
  • September 21 : Stephen King , American author of horror and fantasy.
  • September 28 : Sheikh Hasina , politician, former Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
  • September 30 : Marc Bolan , British singer, member of the T-Rex.
  • October 4 : Julien Clerc , French singer.
  • October 5 : Brian Johnson , British singer of rock band AC / DC.
  • October 7 : France Gall , French singer.
  • October 14 : Bernard Ginoux , French Catholic bishop, Bishop of Montauban.
  • October 26 : Hillary Rodham Clinton , politician American.
  • October 28 : Henri Michel , footballer French.
  • November 8 :
    • Kinga Goncz , Hungarian politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary.
    • M. Rhea Seddon , astronaut American.
  • November 12 : Patrice Leconte , director French.
  • November 15 : Beatriz Merino , politician, former Prime Minister of Peru.
  • November 23 : Jean-Pierre Foucault , host and presenter French.
  • November 24 : Dwight Schultz , actor U.S..
  • November 28 : Michel Berger , composer and singer French ( 2 August 1992 , 45).
  • Dec. 3 : Christopher Dufour , Roman Catholic Bishop French , Coadjutor Archbishop of Aix and Arles.
  • December 4 : Andy LaVerne , piano in jazz American.
  • December 5 : Jugderdemidiin Gurracha , astronaut Mongolia.
  • December 8 : Francis Huster , actor French.
  • Dec. 11 : Marc Quaghebeur writer Belgian.
  • December 18 : Jean Musy , Composer French.
  • December 21 : Paco de Lucia , guitar Spanish.
  • December 23 : Henri Duvillard , skier French.
  • December 27 : Abdallah Naaman , writer, historian and university Lebanese.

  Deaths in 1947

  • January 7 : " El Algabeo (Jos Garca Rodrguez), Matador Spanish (b. 21 September 1875 ).
  • January 19 : Bombita (Emilio Torres Reina), Matador Spanish (b. 28 November 1874 ).
  • January 23 : Pierre Bonnard , French painter (b. 1867 , 80 years).
  • January 25 : Al Capone , Italo-American gangster (b. 1899 , 48 years).
  • February 11 : Kurt Lewin , American psychologist (b. 1890 , 57).
  • Feb. 14 : Jack Page , British figure skater (b. 1900 ).
  • February 16 : Alexandre Varenne , French politician (b. 1870 ).
  • April 7 : Henry Ford , American automobile manufacturer (b. 1863 , 84 years).
  • April 16 : Rudolf Hss , German, former commander of the Nazi camp of Auschwitz-Birkenau ( 1900 , 47).
  • April 20 : Christian X of Denmark , King of Denmark and Iceland (b. 26 September 1870 ).
  • May 16 : Frederick Gowland Hopkins , physiologist and chemist British ( 1861 , 86 years).
  • July 19 : Aung San , Burmese Prime Minister, and six of his ministers
  • August 29 : Manuel Rodrguez Snchez said " Manolete , bullfighter Spanish (b. 4 July 1917 ).
  • September 8 : Victor Horta , Belgian architect (b. 1861 , 86 years).
  • September 15 : Carnicerito of Mjico (Jos Gonzlez Lpez), matador. Mexican (b. 19 March 1917 ).
  • October 20 : Paul Carton , French physician, founder of a natural therapy method ( 1875 , 72 years).
  • November 28 : Philippe Leclerc Hauteclocque , French soldier, Marshal of France (b. 1902 , 45).
  • November 30 : Ernst Lubitsch , German-born American director (b. 1892 , 55).
  • December ¹ : Aleister Crowley , British occultist and writer (b. 1875 , 72ans).
  • December 7 : Tristan Bernard , French writer ( 1866 , 81 years).
  • December 10 : Pierre Petit Julleville , French cardinal, archbishop of Rouen (b. 22 November 1876 ).

  References

  1. books.google.com
  2. becharis.com capcomespace.net
  3. books.google.com
  4. AfricaSpeaks.com - Leslie - Kwame Nkrumah's Contribution To The Decolonization Process in Africa
  5. http://untreaty.un.org/unts/1_60000/1/7/00000331.pdf
  6. books.google.com
  7. http://untreaty.un.org/unts/60001_120000/6/7/00010334.pdf
  8. books.google.com
  9. Report on asian Relations Conference, 23rd March - 2nd April, 1947
  10. books.google.com
  11. books.google.com
  12. Rosihan Anwar
  13. Afghanistan History
  14. Iraq - Government - Political Parties - Elections
  15. Microsoft Word - liste_pays_membres.doc
  16. CHRISTIAN DIOR, 60 YEARS OF NEW LOOK - News Celebre - EVEN
  17. Webmuseum: Pollock, Jackson: Full Fathom Five

  
  

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